The US and California Essay Example for Free

The US and California EssayThe US and California Constitutions have changed in relationship to index number in various ways as follows- The relationship mingled with the legislature and the court has been one of the key constituents determining change. Thus when the Congress felt that the judiciary was assuming an all powerful and important role, an amendment has invariably come about in the US Constitution. One of the key issues which have been affected is the power between the North and the South or agricultural versus industrial economies of both the regions as signified by abolishment and resistance to slavery respectively. This has been one of the most difficult issues which has been addressed through the Constitution affecting economical, political as well as social lives of people through abolishment of slavery in the thirteenth Amendment. The ratification of this amendment by states with the north leading the way during the Civil war and the secessionist Confedera te States of America following up after defeat is an important terminus of change in the Constitution which has virtually reordered power. A part of the series of Reconstruction Amendments, the 14th and 15th Amendments in the Constitution granted citizenship and equal rights to non whites as any other citizens. This is one of the most powerful changes in the Constitution which has had a lasting impact not only in power, society and thrift within American society but also in making the United States a beacon of freedom and liberty to the entire World. In California, the issuing of the Constitution of 1879 could ideally indicate the influence of power and its ability to reorder society in the State. The Constitution was adopted in times of grave economic and social crisis. During such periods there is limited influence of the government and public confidence on ability of the state to function effectively is also restricted. This has been reflected in the changes to the Constitutio n which placed restrictions on the power of the legislature.On the other hand with a view to carry out social and economic reform through the instrument of the Constitution, the document evolved was so detailed that even common statutes were included within it thus reflecting the influence of the times.Bibliography1. Hyink, Bernard L. California Revises Its Constitution, Western Political Quarterly, September 1969, pp. 637-654. 2. Lee, Eugene. The revise Of Californias Constitution. CPS Brief, Vol 3 No 3. April 1991. Berkeley University of California.

Video game console Essay Example for Free

scene game console Essay similarly over oftentimes of something atomic number 50 incessantly ravish you. This rule likewise applies to pic games. Playing photograph games as well often and for too massive wad terms you in to a greater extent than unity way. Many people show that pictorial matter games atomic number 18 ruination the lives of numerous children in nows piece. This is beca social function they ease up no restrictions on what they play and how languish they play it. Many photograph games these days include a lot of weaponry and, and an clinical that involves killing or having to vilify mortal. Of course it would be indescribable if a child killed some unmatchable in the real military man, so why should killing them in the virtual terra firma be any different? jibe to Violent photograph Games (2010), vie godforsaken ikon games push aside make some adolescents to a greater extent hostile, particularly those who ar less(prenominal) (prenominal) agreeable, less conscientious and safe(p) angered. The disadvantages that ar so comm besides packaged with the give-and-take motion-picture show game simply come out in a child with the unwarranted utilisation of them. There are trusty and pernicious games, and good and incompetent ways to use them (Chatfield, 2010). Blake (2006) found that When kids play these games and check off their favorite character bear down some type of fantastic action, they sine qua non to repeat it.another(prenominal) negative affect that photograph games shed on children is that they slew put a bounteous image of women into their heads. Blake (2006) discovered that, Women are not usually apply in motion-picture show games, and when they are, their part is usually sex charm. This causes children to think of women as only if good looking objects to have sexual relations with. some other disadvantage of video games is that it causes children to be isolated from the soci al solid ground around them. Whenever they are at home the child go away go straight to the gambol console or computer.Also, spot they are at tame or somewhere else removed of the house, all they can tenseness on is thinking around how they are going to flicker that next level erst they get home. jibe to Blake (2006), It causes the scholar not to care astir(predicate) grades or learning and to compulsion to stay as fartherther away from the real world as possible because of how more than the player likes the videogame world. Video games can have many an(prenominal) bad affects if not limited. It is critical for parents to limit their childrens video game intake, in swan to avoid the horrible affects that it causes. in any case much of something can ever so harm you.This rule also applies to video games. Playing video games too often and for too commodious can harm you in more than single way. Many people make do that video games are wrecking the lives of ma ny children in like a shots world. This is because they have no restrictions on what they play and how long they play it. Many video games these days include a lot of weaponry and, and an impersonal that involves killing or having to injure individual. Of course it would be wondrous if a child killed someone in the real world, so why should killing them in the virtual world be any different? agree to Violent Video Games (2010), playing violent video games can make some adolescents more hostile, particularly those who are less agreeable, less conscientious and well angered. The disadvantages that are so commonly packaged with the countersignature video game only come out in a child with the uppity use of them. There are good and bad games, and good and bad ways to use them (Chatfield, 2010). Blake (2006) found that When kids play these games and bring in their favorite character use some type of violent action, they want to repeat it.another(prenominal) negative affect that video games have on children is that they can put a bad image of women into their heads. Blake (2006) discovered that, Women are not usually employ in video games, and when they are, their utilization is usually sex invoke. This causes children to think of women as meet good looking objects to have sexual relations with. some other disadvantage of video games is that it causes children to be isolated from the social world around them. Whenever they are at home the child will go straight to the drama console or computer.Also, maculation they are at drill or somewhere else alfresco of the house, all they can boil down on is thinking close to how they are going to besot that next level one time they get home. According to Blake (2006), It causes the pupil not to care virtually grades or learning and to want to stay as far away from the real world as possible because of how much the player likes the videogame world. Video games can have many bad affects if not limited. It is life-and-death for parents to limit their childrens video game intake, in ordain to avoid the horrible affects that it causes. Too much of something can incessantly harm you.This rule also applies to video games. Playing video games too often and for too long can harm you in more than one way. Many people argue that video games are ruining the lives of many children in todays world. This is because they have no restrictions on what they play and how long they play it. Many video games these days include a lot of weaponry and, and an objective that involves killing or having to injure someone. Of course it would be solemn if a child killed someone in the real world, so why should killing them in the virtual world be any different?According to Violent Video Games (2010), playing violent video games can make some adolescents more hostile, particularly those who are less agreeable, less conscientious and advantageously angered. The disadvantages that are so commonly packaged wi th the word video game only come out in a child with the undue use of them. There are good and bad games, and good and bad ways to use them (Chatfield, 2010). Blake (2006) found that When kids play these games and see their favorite character intrust some type of violent action, they want to repeat it.Another negative affect that video games have on children is that they can put a bad image of women into their heads. Blake (2006) discovered that, Women are not usually used in video games, and when they are, their purpose is usually sex appeal. This causes children to think of women as only if good looking objects to have sexual relations with. Another disadvantage of video games is that it causes children to be isolated from the social world around them. Whenever they are at home the child will go straight to the gaming console or computer.Also, while they are at school or somewhere else extraneous of the house, all they can focus on is thinking about how they are going to beat that next level once they get home. According to Blake (2006), It causes the assimilator not to care about grades or learning and to want to stay as far away from the real world as possible because of how much the player likes the videogame world. Video games can have many bad affects if not limited. It is crucial for parents to limit their childrens video game intake, in nightspot to avoid the horrible affects that it causes. Too much of something can always harm you.This rule also applies to video games. Playing video games too often and for too long can harm you in more than one way. Many people argue that video games are ruining the lives of many children in todays world. This is because they have no restrictions on what they play and how long they play it. Many video games these days include a lot of weaponry and, and an objective that involves killing or having to injure someone. Of course it would be terrible if a child killed someone in the real world, so why should killin g them in the virtual world be any different?According to Violent Video Games (2010), playing violent video games can make some adolescents more hostile, particularly those who are less agreeable, less conscientious and easily angered. The disadvantages that are so commonly packaged with the word video game only come out in a child with the excessive use of them. There are good and bad games, and good and bad ways to use them (Chatfield, 2010). Blake (2006) found that When kids play these games and see their favorite character commit some type of violent action, they want to repeat it.Another negative affect that video games have on children is that they can put a bad image of women into their heads. Blake (2006) discovered that, Women are not usually used in video games, and when they are, their purpose is usually sex appeal. This causes children to think of women as just good looking objects to have sexual relations with. Another disadvantage of video games is that it causes child ren to be isolated from the social world around them. Whenever they are at home the child will go straight to the gaming console or computer.Also, while they are at school or somewhere else outside of the house, all they can focus on is thinking about how they are going to beat that next level once they get home. According to Blake (2006), It causes the student not to care about grades or learning and to want to stay as far away from the real world as possible because of how much the player likes the videogame world. Video games can have many bad affects if not limited. It is crucial for parents to limit their childrens video game intake, in order to avoid the horrible affects that it causes. Too much of something can always harm you.This rule also applies to video games. Playing video games too often and for too long can harm you in more than one way. Many people argue that video games are ruining the lives of many children in todays world. This is because they have no restrictions on what they play and how long they play it. Many video games these days include a lot of weaponry and, and an objective that involves killing or having to injure someone. Of course it would be terrible if a child killed someone in the real world, so why should killing them in the virtual world be any different?According to Violent Video Games (2010), playing violent video games can make some adolescents more hostile, particularly those who are less agreeable, less conscientious and easily angered. The disadvantages that are so commonly packaged with the word video game only come out in a child with the excessive use of them. There are good and bad games, and good and bad ways to use them (Chatfield, 2010). Blake (2006) found that When kids play these games and see their favorite character commit some type of violent action, they want to repeat it.Another negative affect that video games have on children is that they can put a bad image of women into their heads. Blake (2006) disco vered that, Women are not usually used in video games, and when they are, their purpose is usually sex appeal. This causes children to think of women as just good looking objects to have sexual relations with. Another disadvantage of video games is that it causes children to be isolated from the social world around them. Whenever they are at home the child will go straight to the gaming console or computer.Also, while they are at school or somewhere else outside of the house, all they can focus on is thinking about how they are going to beat that next level once they get home. According to Blake (2006), It causes the student not to care about grades or learning and to want to stay as far away from the real world as possible because of how much the player likes the videogame world. Video games can have many bad affects if not limited. It is crucial for parents to limit their childrens video game intake, in order to avoid the horrible affects that it causes. Too much of something can always harm you.This rule also applies to video games. Playing video games too often and for too long can harm you in more than one way. Many people argue that video games are ruining the lives of many children in todays world. This is because they have no restrictions on what they play and how long they play it. Many video games these days include a lot of weaponry and, and an objective that involves killing or having to injure someone. Of course it would be terrible if a child killed someone in the real world, so why should killing them in the virtual world be any different?According to Violent Video Games (2010), playing violent video games can make some adolescents more hostile, particularly those who are less agreeable, less conscientious and easily angered. The disadvantages that are so commonly packaged with the word video game only come out in a child with the excessive use of them. There are good and bad games, and good and bad ways to use them (Chatfield, 2010). Blake (200 6) found that When kids play these games and see their favorite character commit some type of violent action, they want to repeat it.Another negative affect that video games have on children is that they can put a bad image of women into their heads. Blake (2006) discovered that, Women are not usually used in video games, and when they are, their purpose is usually sex appeal. This causes children to think of women as just good looking objects to have sexual relations with. Another disadvantage of video games is that it causes children to be isolated from the social world around them. Whenever they are at home the child will go straight to the gaming console or computer.Also, while they are at school or somewhere else outside of the house, all they can focus on is thinking about how they are going to beat that next level once they get home. According to Blake (2006), It causes the student not to care about grades or learning and to want to stay as far away from the real world as pos sible because of how much the player likes the videogame world. Video games can have many bad affects if not limited. It is crucial for parents to limit their childrens video game intake, in order to avoid the horrible affects that it causes. Too much of something can always harm you.This rule also applies to video games. Playing video games too often and for too long can harm you in more than one way. Many people argue that video games are ruining the lives of many children in todays world. This is because they have no restrictions on what they play and how long they play it. Many video games these days include a lot of weaponry and, and an objective that involves killing or having to injure someone. Of course it would be terrible if a child killed someone in the real world, so why should killing them in the virtual world be any different?According to Violent Video Games (2010), playing violent video games can make some adolescents more hostile, particularly those who are less agre eable, less conscientious and easily angered. The disadvantages that are so commonly packaged with the word video game only come out in a child with the excessive use of them. There are good and bad games, and good and bad ways to use them (Chatfield, 2010). Blake (2006) found that When kids play these games and see their favorite character commit some type of violent action, they want to repeat it.Another negative affect that video games have on children is that they can put a bad image of women into their heads. Blake (2006) discovered that, Women are not usually used in video games, and when they are, their purpose is usually sex appeal. This causes children to think of women as just good looking objects to have sexual relations with. Another disadvantage of video games is that it causes children to be isolated from the social world around them. Whenever they are at home the child will go straight to the gaming console or computer.Also, while they are at school or somewhere else outside of the house, all they can focus on is thinking about how they are going to beat that next level once they get home. According to Blake (2006), It causes the student not to care about grades or learning and to want to stay as far away from the real world as possible because of how much the player likes the videogame world. Video games can have many bad affects if not limited. It is crucial for parents to limit their childrens video game intake, in order to avoid the horrible affects that it causes. Too much of something can always harm you.This rule also applies to video games. Playing video games too often and for too long can harm you in more than one way. Many people argue that video games are ruining the lives of many children in todays world. This is because they have no restrictions on what they play and how long they play it. Many video games these days include a lot of weaponry and, and an objective that involves killing or having to injure someone. Of course it woul d be terrible if a child killed someone in the real world, so why should killing them in the virtual world be any different?According to Violent Video Games (2010), playing violent video games can make some adolescents more hostile, particularly those who are less agreeable, less conscientious and easily angered. The disadvantages that are so commonly packaged with the word video game only come out in a child with the excessive use of them. There are good and bad games, and good and bad ways to use them (Chatfield, 2010). Blake (2006) found that When kids play these games and see their favorite character commit some type of violent action, they want to repeat it.Another negative affect that video games have on children is that they can put a bad image of women into their heads. Blake (2006) discovered that, Women are not usually used in video games, and when they are, their purpose is usually sex appeal. This causes children to think of women as just good looking objects to have sex ual relations with. Another disadvantage of video games is that it causes children to be isolated from the social world around them. Whenever they are at home the child will go straight to the gaming console or computer.Also, while they are at school or somewhere else outside of the house, all they can focus on is thinking about how they are going to beat that next level once they get home. According to Blake (2006), It causes the student not to care about grades or learning and to want to stay as far away from the real world as possible because of how much the player likes the videogame world. Video games can have many bad affects if not limited. It is crucial for parents to limit their childrens video game intake, in order to avoid the horrible affects that it causes. Too much of something can always harm you.This rule also applies to video games. Playing video games too often and for too long can harm you in more than one way. Many people argue that video games are ruining the li ves of many children in todays world. This is because they have no restrictions on what they play and how long they play it. Many video games these days include a lot of weaponry and, and an objective that involves killing or having to injure someone. Of course it would be terrible if a child killed someone in the real world, so why should killing them in the virtual world be any different?According to Violent Video Games (2010), playing violent video games can make some adolescents more hostile, particularly those who are less agreeable, less conscientious and easily angered. The disadvantages that are so commonly packaged with the word video game only come out in a child with the excessive use of them. There are good and bad games, and good and bad ways to use them (Chatfield, 2010). Blake (2006) found that When kids play these games and see their favorite character commit some type of violent action, they want to repeat it.Another negative affect that video games have on children is that they can put a bad image of women into their heads. Blake (2006) discovered that, Women are not usually used in video games, and when they are, their purpose is usually sex appeal. This causes children to think of women as just good looking objects to have sexual relations with. Another disadvantage of video games is that it causes children to be isolated from the social world around them. Whenever they are at home the child will go straight to the gaming console or computer.Also, while they are at school or somewhere else outside of the house, all they can focus on is thinking about how they are going to beat that next level once they get home. According to Blake (2006), It causes the student not to care about grades or learning and to want to stay as far away from the real world as possible because of how much the player likes the videogame world. Video games can have many bad affects if not limited. It is crucial for parents to limit their childrens video game intake, in order to avoid the horrible affects that it causes. Too much of something can always harm you.This rule also applies to video games. Playing video games too often and for too long can harm you in more than one way. Many people argue that video games are ruining the lives of many children in todays world. This is because they have no restrictions on what they play and how long they play it. Many video games these days include a lot of weaponry and, and an objective that involves killing or having to injure someone. Of course it would be terrible if a child killed someone in the real world, so why should killing them in the virtual world be any different?According to Violent Video Games (2010), playing violent video games can make some adolescents more hostile, particularly those who are less agreeable, less conscientious and easily angered. The disadvantages that are so commonly packaged with the word video game only come out in a child with the excessive use of them. There are good and bad games, and good and bad ways to use them (Chatfield, 2010). Blake (2006) found that When kids play these games and see their favorite character commit some type of violent action, they want to repeat it.Another negative affect that video games have on children is that they can put a bad image of women into their heads. Blake (2006) discovered that, Women are not usually used in video games, and when they are, their purpose is usually sex appeal. This causes children to think of women as just good looking objects to have sexual relations with. Another disadvantage of video games is that it causes children to be isolated from the social world around them. Whenever they are at home the child will go straight to the gaming console or computer.Also, while they are at school or somewhere else outside of the house, all they can focus on is thinking about how they are going to beat that next level once they get home. According to Blake (2006), It causes the student not to care abou t grades or learning and to want to stay as far away from the real world as possible because of how much the player likes the videogame world. Video games can have many bad affects if not limited. It is crucial for parents to limit their childrens video game intake, in order to avoid the horrible affects that it causes. Too much of something can always harm you.This rule also applies to video games. Playing video games too often and for too long can harm you in more than one way. Many people argue that video games are ruining the lives of many children in todays world. This is because they have no restrictions on what they play and how long they play it. Many video games these days include a lot of weaponry and, and an objective that involves killing or having to injure someone. Of course it would be terrible if a child killed someone in the real world, so why should killing them in the virtual world be any different?According to Violent Video Games (2010), playing violent video gam es can make some adolescents more hostile, particularly those who are less agreeable, less conscientious and easily angered. The disadvantages that are so commonly packaged with the word video game only come out in a child with the excessive use of them. There are good and bad games, and good and bad ways to use them (Chatfield, 2010). Blake (2006) found that When kids play these games and see their favorite character commit some type of violent action, they want to repeat it.Another negative affect that video games have on children is that they can put a bad image of women into their heads. Blake (2006) discovered that, Women are not usually used in video games, and when they are, their purpose is usually sex appeal. This causes children to think of women as just good looking objects to have sexual relations with. Another disadvantage of video games is that it causes children to be isolated from the social world around them. Whenever they are at home the child will go straight to t he gaming console or computer.Also, while they are at school or somewhere else outside of the house, all they can focus on is thinking about how they are going to beat that next level once they get home. According to Blake (2006), It causes the student not to care about grades or learning and to want to stay as far away from the real world as possible because of how much the player likes the videogame world. Video games can have many bad affects if not limited. It is crucial for parents to limit their childrens video game intake, in order to avoid the horrible affects that it causes.

Of Mice and Men Essay Example for Free

Of Mice and Men EssayDiscuss the theme of exclusion in relation to one or more characters and how its presented in of Mice and Men In the novel, at that place is a strong link to the theme exclusion within the characters. Steinbeck presents this by describing the character in a certain way to make the lector aware of the social ranking and judgement, and does this by also giving the reader an idea of how the characters refer to each another(prenominal) and why this may portray exclusion and how. Crooks is a highly isolated and excluded character in the novel as the stable buck.We acknowledge as the reader that he is excluded from the moment he is introduced. This is first presented when Candy says the stable bucks a nigga. Using the term nigger to describe the character tells us that there is a strong racial exclusion and that Crooks isnt very soci in every(prenominal)y high up. Steinbeck later then develops the exclusion of this character when Candy also says the honcho give him hell when hes mad. This just tells us that the Boss, who is much higher up than Crooks excludes him and makes his life hell.By this Steinbeck might consider that the Boss takes out any of his anger on Crooks because of his low status due to his race. He flock be treated however by peck that are at a higher status ranking than he is. In my opinion Crooks has the lowest social ranking and the most negative judgements compared to all the other characters who are excluded as even Candy refers to him simply as a nigger. Another character that is highly excluded is Curleys wife. Right at the scramning of the novels George is describing Curleys wife to Lennie listen to me you crazy bastard, he said fiercely. Dont you even take a look at that bitch. I dont care what she says and what she does. I see em poison before but I never seen no piece of jail vex worse than her, now leave her alone. George is telling Lennie to stay away from her. Steinbeck uses an imperative where Geo rge is telling Lennie to listen to what he is saying. Meaning its very important because he says it fiercely as he really wants Lennie to take on board what he has said.George is really quite horrible in that hes is describing Curleys wife as a bitch and poison. There is derogatory language used here by Steinbeck to really ethicize how George is feeling. And they are insults, specifically to her. Steinbeck also uses slang from around the time that the book was written. George says that she is like jail bait. This is slang to describe somebody who gets other people into trouble, even by just going near them. Curleys wife knows how all the other men feel about her nd she has ways of showing how she feels back. she turned on him in scorn. listen nigger, she said. you know what i can do if you open your trap? for a moment she stood over him as though waiting for him to move so that she could whip him once again she turned at last to the other two. Here Curleys wife is trying to see k attention from Crooks, Candy and Lennie. From this quote it shows exclusion within all the characters. Curleys wife is excluded as she is the only woman and nobody will speak to her. Also she gets no attention.The other three characters are excluded as all the other men have gone out from the ranch and theyve been left behind. Steinbeck shows us that Curleys wife reacts to how excluded she is as she has to turn to insulting people sp that she can feel above them and more powerful. Physically she also stood over him, to feel better about her self esteem and less worthless. An imperative is used to begin with also so she feels higher ranked than the men around her. Steinbeck represents her as a bully by beness racist to Crooks and describing him as a nigger. But just let two of the guys get together an you wont talk. Jus nothing but mad. Here Candy and Crooks are being spoken to by Curleys wife. She was speaking to Crooks, seeking for attention when Candy showed up and there was s ilence form both characters. Shes telling them that she has experience things like this before obviously. As Curleys wife says the guys it makes me think that she is describing them as objects and not as real people. We, as the reader can tell that she is acquire more and more upset as we reach halfway through the passage.She shortens her words such as and to an and just to jus. This proves that she is losing her temper and patience as to why they will not talk to her. We can also tell this as her sentence structures are getting shorter as she goes on. This quote clearly promotes exclusion as nobody really wants to talk to Curleys wife. This is because they believe that they will get into trouble if they do so. It also shows how much Curleys wife is excluded. Shes being excluded from a black man and an old disabled man who are already excluded against.

Components of Effective Teamwork

Components of Effective police squadworkThere atomic number 18 many components of good squadwork such(prenominal) as communication, cohesiveness, commitment and collaboration among members to confronting problems directly, coordinating efforts, managing conflict and make decision via consensus, which requires some time compromisation (Heineman,1994). According to Zander,1994,team goal are desirable state of affair members intend to bring about(predicate) through combined effort. A clear understanding of collections objective through well-articulated goals is the most common characteristic of successful team (Larson and LaFasto, 1996).The team member had never been together before the subsidization given. The team established a common purpose that is decided to make love the given task with the allocated time. The team member was randomly selected and joined together, the members undergo the 5 stages Tuckman theory, accomplishing group assignment.In every team, there are team com flummox get hold ofed for a team to work well. According to Guzzo Dickson (1996), composition refer to the nature and attributes of team members.Whereas there are large and small groups or team within organization, the important point the composition of the groups or teams. According to Hackman, 1987 the effective team need members who have relevant expertise, interpersonal skills and moderate differences in their background. In a way, there is no point of including many people into a team or group if they do not have complementary relevant skills to contribute to teams goals. Other than that, in many group or team, what generally happen is that soul get appointed onto team where they feel they are wasting their time in the meeting rather than being a contributing member. Thus, it is imperative that a team has combination of the right mix of workforce, expertise right people skills. In discussion of the group assignment, there are different value establish in three main et hics in this group(Malays, Chinese and Indians) including non-assertive, good manners, cooperation and harmony trust and relationship building. These values will to some extent regularise group norms and cohesiveness (Abdullah and Low, 2001).Apart from that, it is imperative that members understand their roles in their teams or groups. Roles are expected behavior pattern attributed to someone occupying a given position in a social unit (Robbin Judge, 2007).There are many roles that member that members can play within their team or group. According to Margerison and McCann (1990), there are nine roles commonly played by group. Robbin and Judge nine roles include Linker, Creator, Promoter, Assessor, Organizer, Producer, Controller, Maintainer and the Advisor. Each team role has particular strengths wan weakness which is prerequisite for team member to identify themselves and more importantly they need to match the roles with their skills and preference for compensating each other w eakness with their strength.Moreover, cohesiveness will bring about positive effect to satisfaction and communication. In teamwork context, it is important that all team members build cohesiveness through understanding and respects of each others roles and contribution stressful to accomplish the group task and goals. People who are part of cohesiveness groups are more satisfied than are member of non-cohesive group(Hackman1992).Group cohesion also helps to trim back stress because members are supportive to each other .Effective team work have norms that support high quality performance and a level of group cohesiveness that provide social support to its members.Effective loss leaders are those who personal qualities enable them to articulate a vision for a given group.It is therefore important that the leader, by his or her behavior manifest a loyalty to the needs and aspiration of group members. These things must matter to him or her in ways that to view because such evidence o f good faith sincere accessible serve to elicit greater acceptance of influence. ( Hollander,1964,pg231).In addition, Hollander found that, In order the group to billet as effectively as possible, the leader needs to be attuned to the need of followers, the perception and expectancies,(1995,pg75).In other words, when followers trust a leader, theyre willing to be subjected to the leader actions, for they are convinced that their rights and interest will not be neglected.Besides effective leadership, an affective membership is also important to achieve successful teamwork. Team membership performs its task then is better able to perform the next task assigned to it. The main reason in forming a team is to complete given task. Not only that, it is also helping maintain good social relations, promotes its members personal and professional development. Therefore, it is essential for member require the right event of people, good internal group process and understand team dynamic to w ork towards a common goal. This is the social relations, group maintenance, or viability aspect of teamwork (Sundstorm, 1990).For creating effective membership, there is necessary diversity of knowledge and skills. Management teams with members of different backgrounds are more innovative that homogenous team. (Guzzo and Dickson, 1996)

Compare And Contrast Two Leaders History Essay

Compare And Contrast Two Leaders History EssayAccording to (Richard.L. Huges, 2009)Leadership is a social influence assist shared among exclusively members of the group. It is the ability to inspire and at the same age influence others to strive towards mavin common goal. The aim of this paper is to compare and line two leadership Steve Job who was a business leader for Apple Company and Mohandas Karamchand Gandhi who was a political and spiritual leader of India whose main focus was on non-violence. Firstly, I would declare which one of these two great leaders was more effective. Secondly, I will evaluate what skills they readd to make themselves such great leaders in the business, political and spiritual world.Finally, meaningful conclusions will be drawn from the discussions of the two leaders. The relevant information and content for this paper were gathered from books, lectures, newsletters and internet research. I wish to acknowledge the assistance of my wife and colleag ues for their valuable contributions toward this paper.2. The comparison between two great leaders Mahatma Gandhi and Steve JobsIn commencement, I would say that both leaders were great at inspiring and motivating others. Although their struggle involved the come uponment of different objectives (Gandhi- the independence of India and the freedom and equality of its citizens and Jobs- regular and aggressive innovation and creativeness in mathematical products and services), their leadership styles were somewhat equivalent in accomplishing their goals.According to (Gupta, 2008) Gandhi without a doubt could inspire and move the masses in India and around the world when he so convincingly demonstrated that even a common man can make a difference by bringing the British conglomerate d stimulate. He accomplished this feat with his principles of self-reliance and non-cooperation to the British Autocracy. He willingly inherited the support of many Indian citizens against the shin of this dictatorship. He believed in effecting diverge through positive conflict he organized many peaceful protests and marches and effectively utilized the simulated military operation of civil disobedience to undermine the British Rulership. He explicitly exhibited through the Salt March that change can be effected through peaceful protests rather than anarchy and chaos. A fight for liberation was a fight that everyone felt a p stratagem of.Steve Jobs, who was also inspired by the legendary Mahatma Gandhi, inculcated a similar method in the government agency he inspired the expendees of Apple Company to work assiduously towards the production of the surpass product for the company. He served as a motivator for many occurrent CEOs with his hard knock style of leadership in the peculiar way he took his company into a new era. Especially because of his think different center and ability to continuously surpriseand deliver on his hallucination as cited in (Gupta, 2010). Jobs is particularly noted for his philosophy to make products which were at the intersection of art and technology, intuitiveness and design. His openness to being inspired allowed him to live his philosophy, and in turn inspire others.Secondly Gandhi and Steve Jobs build relationships with their fol trim backs through their leadership styles, which enabled them to execute their visions of being victorious leaders. Gandhi connected with people of all classes, creed, religion and beliefs and built powerful relationships by his simple deportment of a white dhoti along with his modesty and obscureness which he displayed, indiscriminately with everyone by touring across India, leading all the major movements personally and by holding various national meetings repeatedly. Steve Jobs build relationships with all employees and remained simple by wearing jeans and t-shirt despite holding the prestigious position of CEO of the Apple Company. Both leaders understood that in order to gain the ins cription and commitment of their followers, the autocratic distinction and segregation between superior and subordinate through corporate attire, offices and other luxuries had to be abolished. In the instance of Jobs, employees need to look comfortable, not intimidated, in order exploit their highest potential and creativity. Likewise, Gandhis philosophy preached Love for one and all friend or foe.Thirdly, great credibility can be seen with Gandhi, through his initial work and movements in South Africa, so Indian society would already know what a great leader he was, by using his non-violent methods to attain his goals. He led through example by being a slave for the people of India and empowering the general public. According to (Gupta, 2008) He make it his insurance policy to practice what he preached, even to the small things give care spinning yarn to make his own clothes. He resorted to simple and poor living, just like millions in the terra firma, hence people looked at G andhi as one of their own, and they could see their own sufferings in him. While Steve Jobs according to (Gupta, 2010) is known to be secretive and does not give too many interviews or public appearances, his strategy, though adds to an element of surprise and curiosity, also provides him the necessary credibility. People know from his past that he delivers on his promise and does not make up a false smoke screen of distraction and deception.In addition both of these leaders were visionary one of the close outstanding qualities of Gandhi his long term vision, self confidence and strong principles of righteousness. He would have envisioned freedom for his followers a very long time forrader Indian got Independence from the British. Steve Jobs was known to have a stubborn and perfectionist attitude, which led in executing his vision, which was according to (Reed, 2012) making the best and closely genuine products the world had ever seen even under adverse market conditions demand ing quick reaction. He could envision new product and know what it would look like months before he would have make it.Furthermore both leaders had Faith them self -Mahatma Gandhi and Steve Jobs believed in themselves, both believed that they had a great responsibility. Firstly, Gandhi believed that it was his duty to free his country and he exhibited complete assurance in his abilities, strategies and principles. He knew hed a play a significant role in the freedom of India and so he did in accordance with his famous quote Be the change you want to see in the World. It was this undying faith and confidence in himself that eventually manifested itself in the faith of millions of Indians in him.Similarly, Steve Jobs believed that it was his responsibility to grow the Apple Company through pioneering new products and services through constant innovation. Infact, his intense secrecy about products through their wee stages of production clearly depicts his complete confidence in himse lf. Conventionally, companies invest in rigorous advertising during the production process of a new product so that by the time the finished product is ready for launch, there is already a committed market with full awareness of the features of the product and willingness to buy. However, Jobs strategy was quite different the public knew nothing of the Jobs products until the official launching was instituted. He desired greatly the element of surprise and was confident that his launching tactics were more than nice to raise awareness and willingness to buy the product.Last but not least both were Great Tacticians Mohandas Karamchand Gandhi and Steve Jobs were men of intense strategies and tactics and these strategies were well in synchronize with their beliefs and principles. Gandhis main objective was to end the British Dictatorship and gain Indias independence. However, his fervent belief in peace and non violence restrained him from leading an anarchic and higgledy-piggledy revolution. Nevertheless, Britain succumbed to his demands through his tactics of organised massive civil disobedience. This can be seen in his most famous protest called the Salt March. Against a British policy of taxing the use of salt for Indians, he organized a 388 km march to the sea at Dandhi, Gujarat and make salt for himself. This campaign was extremely lucky in upsetting the British and the government decided to negotiate with Gandhi. His peaceful resistance was his main weapon that leads him to victory. Steve Jobs had some tactics too that realised his dreams of constant innovation and creativity. His perfectionism, belief in the element of surprise and balance between micromanagement and strategic direction helped him to achieve his objectives.3. Contrasting two leaders Mahatma Gandhi and Steve JobsMahatma Gandhi and Steve Jobs, although very similar in many ways, were also very different in many ways in their leadership styles (the great paradox). There differences stem from the different finis their vision, different generation era and different end results/goals.Firstly, Steve Jobs was a more authoritarian leader in the working environment while Mahatma Gandhi was a handmaid Leader in the political and spiritual environment. He used his tactics of massive civil disobedience to organised millions of people in Indian to employ non-cooperation, non-violence and peaceful resistance as his weapons in the struggle against the British. Jobs on the other hand, because of his perfectionist quality, used a dictator type of leadership style to get the best from his employees. He ensured that the employees worked towards his vision which was to envision a better world of improved services and products.Secondly, Mahatma Gandhi was not interested in affluence and material wealth in life. This could be seen in the simple clothes he wore, the way he communicated with the common man and the way he lived his life. While Steve Jobss main goal was to publish and capture the world with his services and products and at the same time lead a creative and innovative company in the prestigious position of CEO.Thirdly, Mahatma Gandhi ardently exhibited and practised love for all in accordance with his inspirational quote Love for one and all, friend or foe. He was able to channel public discontent into a positive elementnot with force but by love this trait was always present in hisleadership.Steve jobs demonstrated no emotions towards his employees his only passion was to produce the best product for the market and ensure that his employees work towards his vision. Jobs was the kind of leader who concentrated solely on getting the plan completed and probably regarded the employees as an instrument in the completion of the project. He paid little or no attention to the personal lives or issues of his employees.In addition, Mahatma Gandhi was a great communicator he was a great public speaker who was fearless and eloquent in convincing his follow ers of his objectives. Public awareness of his vision was imperative in achieving Gandhis liberation hence, he brilliantly utilized his journalistic skills to write various articles about his vision. On the other hand, Steve jobs seldom interacted with the public in an attempt to product the originality, creativity and competitive advantage of his new products. He was noted however, to give public speeches at the launching a new product which was the only time he actually interacted with the public.4. Who of the two was the more effective leader?Mahatma Gandhi was a more effective leader in terms of how he fought for his followers because he had a passion to fight for people who suffered inequality and discrimination. His excellent knowledge of English law, as a result of his legal studies in England, provided him with the skills he needed to effectively employment against the autocracy of the British without breaching any laws. Since he had study in England and would have known th e consequence of breaking the law. With his tactics of peace and non violence, he organised millions of people and convinced them of his cause without any element of duress or coercion. He believed in justice and equity and opined that sleaziness to one was injustice to all. He urged that one who observed and passively acquiesced to a tremendous injustice done to someone was just as culpable as the perpetrator of the injustice. His righteousness, transparency and philanthropic disposition automatically attracted many followers. Motivating people was a natural talent of Gandhi because of his unison of thought, word and deed. His followers neer questioned his intentions nor mistrusted him because he was always genuine and truthful to them. In addition, he was a leader in the true sense he formulated and executed all his plans fearlessly and was always the initiator of action plans.5. What skills did they demonstrate?They were many skills which Mahatma Gandhi displayed as being as a true leader for his followersFirstly, leadership was one of Gandhis heroic qualities. His leadership was overtly displayed through his motivation of the lower class in his village to begin home spinning their own clothing. He initiated the gesticulate by making his own clothes at home which he later wore to walk with his followers. This gesture was the beginning of poverty reduction within the lower class as many were able to start businesses in clothes making. Moreover, Gandhi fought diligently to end the issue of discrimination among the lower class in the Hindoo religion. Gandhi focused alot of his energy in ending this segregation and made them realize how important it was for them to be allies rather than rivals in order to survive and battle against the British Rulership. The Indian Independence Movement was the all-time heroic deed led by Gandhi. This movement was accomplished in 1947 by Mahatma Gandhi. In essence, he proved that leadership and loyalty are achieved through transparency not hypocrisy, through inspiration not coercion and through cooperation and not disintegration.Secondly, simplicity, modesty and humility were some of the most evident qualities of Gandhi. He believed in living a simple life with only the basic necessities. He was completely detached from extravagance and materialism. He was neither arrogant nor haughty even though he was a lawyer. He never felt the need to be adorned extensively and thus dressed simply with his white dhoti, which was home spun. Even though he accomplished such greatness and triumphed over so many obstacles, he neither sought recognition nor gratitude. He vowed to remain a simple man in accordance with his quote I claim to be no more than an average man with less than average ability. His instinctive ability to always speak the truth was another outstanding quality of Gandhi. Even if I am a minority of one, truth is still the truth.In addition, bravery and courage were imperative to achieve the many fe ats of Gandhi. It took immense courage and valiance to demonstrate strong opposition to the British Autocracy. All the marches and protests, in particular, the Salt March were incredible symbolism of valour and heroism. He simply believed very potently in something and fought tirelessly to achieve it. He was determined to disallow any acts intended to instill fear to impede his path of success and quickly recuperated from physiologic abuse and unlawful imprisonment. It was almost as though he was immune to acts of violence directed against him.6. ConclusionIn conclusion, Gandhi and Steve jobs were both outstanding heroes in their own generation era. Both leaders possessed numerous qualities consistent with being exemplary individuals. They set many examples for several countries and companies to follow. They both had their own beliefs and dreams and they fought relentlessly to achieve them.Gandhi triumphed despite all the impediments thrown in his path to instil failure. And the m ost celebrated part was that he did it with peace and non-violence. Leadership, simplicity and bravery were the three most outstanding qualities in Gandhi. While Steve Jobs conquered the world by being a perfectionist and having a vivid imagination. His scrupulous attention to detail and his infinite imagination enabled him to create products of wonder that amazed and captured the market. He was definitely a man of inventions and creations.

Texting A Use Of Communication English Language Essay

Texting A Use Of Communication English Language EssayTexting is ace of the latest forms that people habituate to communicate. Much homogeneous early(a) new technologies at the time, texting has developed its own manner lingo including abbreviations and graphics. It is much different from otherwise forms of indite communication however, legion(predicate) are concerned about how texting affects overall affects the writing abilities of our youth. Does the abbreviated language somehow disrupt and discourage students from learning how to circuit or when it is appropriate to use abbreviated deli really and when it is not. Contrary to proper belief, Text electronic messaging does not hold fast a serious threat to modular English spelling or literacy.Many of our fore fathers carry advocated what texting has imple custodyted. Benjamin Franklin was among the many brilliant minds of that century who advocated for a simplified spelling system (Hendrick 2008). Merriam Webster of Web sters dictionary is responsible for removing the u from words like labor and color in an effort to make words more simplified and easier to spell. Many of these men including The recite Society still in existence today, wanted to see an English Language that was cede from so many vowels and silent letters (Hendrick 2008). While these men may have been happy to see the various forms that texted words take on, changing the standard spelling of words overall require a ample deal more effort than even some of our greatest minds could imagine.There have been many new technologies that have come along that may have appeared as a threat to the English language. When the telegraph was invented and used to transmit messages over long distances, there was never the fear that this type of abbreviated speech would somehow leak out into the public and destroy English as we know it (Sutherland 2008). Besides telegrams, there has been Morse Code, and CB radios. All of these technologies eventu ally fell by the wayside in favor of new and better ways to communicate. If the past is any indicator as to what we can expect in the future, than text messaging may also find its day on the chopping block.If text speech is here to stay, then it still poses no threat to the English language. As a matter of fact it is a segmented part of the English language. Much like a dialect, text speech has developed as a written form. As well noted, it differs greatly in structure, form and style from Standard English. When the writings of Zora Neale Hurston and many others fateed the beauty and creativity of diverse English dialects, some were applauded epoch others were excited to see such richness and creativity. No maven would argue that texting has a social or historical culture that is unique to a people, however, much like other dialects of the English language, there is still a standard enforced and reinforced by society overall.Text speech is very unstructured and has multiple vari ations for the same expressions. There has been various dictionaries and resource books that attempt to explain some standard abbreviations but there are very a few(prenominal) absolutes. For example, harmonise to Plester, Wood, and Bell (2008), when giving a group of middle school children a phrase to translate that included the word night into text speech, there were some(prenominal) variations. They included nite, niht, nyt, nte, and nigt (141). Other words have more common spelling such as L8 for late or the letter u for the word you. As a result of its non-standardized form, the only reliable method of written communications so that everyone understands still remains the standard.Another reason why texting does not pose a threat to the English language is its purpose. It is a spontaneously structured social interaction (Plester, Wood, and Bell 2008). Text spelling is derived from the need to communicate a message in a short make sense of characters. This is due mainly to th e fact that many cell phones only allow a certain amount of characters per message (Hendrick 2008). To avoid having to continue on to a part two, words are abbreviated and letters are left out and shortened as a means to fit it all in. By these measures, the misspellings that many people are afraid of occur intentionally as oppose to a omit of knowledge of the English language (Baron 2009).Some of the most common abbreviations such as LOL (laugh out loud), ILY ( I love you), OMG (oh my God), and BTW (by the way), and spellings may split over into statuesque writing in school. This is also a natural phenomenon as students find different ways to express their creativity (Barron 2009). As reported by colter (2008), majority of students know the difference amidst formal and informal writing. They are aware that in formal writing text abbreviations and emoticons are not appropriate. Educators mustiness be prepared to accept text speech as an informal writing style, and should teach the students the difference the same way they teach the difference between appropriate uses for informal wiring such as for notes and email.The developments of these abbreviated words, of many different variations, each come from its phonological roots. In order make words, one has to have phonemic awareness in order to reconstruct the words into something meaningful and understood by others (Mangu-Ward 2010). According to Plester, Wood, and Bell (2008), texting requires a person to use metalinguistic awareness to slip between one register of language to another, as they deem it appropriate (p.143). It was a surprise to these researchers to find that children who use text messaging showed greater performance on verbal reasoning than children who did not.As a matter of fact, their research along with countless others has recorded no contradict concern on children who use this as a method to communicate. According to a study done by Britains Coventry University children who use text abbreviations on their phones-lol, l8ter, and the like do better in reading and spelling in school (Mangu-Ward 2008 p. 14). Expanding a bit further, when researching various forms of computer mediated discourse, there has been no negative impact found at all on language skills (Hendrick 2008).There are reasons that can be used to explain why so many people are fearful that texting is destroying the English language. One reason is over exaggeration by the media (Hendrick 2008). Our system of media is famous for taking a subject that has very little research and attempting to sensationalize it to everyone. As reported previously, the fact that research shows that not only does texting not disrupt the education of youth but has also shown to outgrowth test scores in other areas is very rarely reported by public media sources. That information does not make for a great layer that impassioned individuals can throw their support behind. Although the research states clearly the benefits of texting, it is doubtful that there will be any impassioned parents or teachers throwing their support the other way.Another unintended benefit of texting is youths as well as adults are reading and writing much more frequently than they normally would. Youths get a chance to practice their reading and spelling everyday of their own choice (Mangu-Ward 2010). Although it is commonly known about the abbreviated versions and intentional misspelling of words, contrary to pop belief it does not occur nearly as much as one would expect. When Barron and Ling conducted a study of college students text messaging they found few more lexical shortenings yet the grand total of clear abbreviations was only 47 out of 1,473 words, which is hardly overwhelming. The text message spelling myth has been dispelled by many respected professional researchers from various fields of study.Many educational systems are starting to see the light about this controversial form of communicating. Although tex ting is on the button one form of communication that has been targeted, other mediums of informal language that use abbreviated speech are used to help students. In one Seattle ground high school, students in an American literature class must blog daily about strange and weird laws (Coulter 2008). Much like texting, the students are free to write as they feel with no penalty for grammar or spelling. Many students and teachers feel this is any appropriate way to not just explain, but show the students the difference between formal and informal writing, while letting them be as creative as they would like. This method of instruction encourages and contains the need of this type of expression.No matter how many text speech dictionaries are created, or how many new abbreviations become more common, there will always be a need for a standard form of communication and good writing skills (Coulture 2008). As communicative technology changes, so will the language used in these types of me diums. By understanding that texting is just another variation of the English language and not a full on frontal assault, people will be able to appreciate it for it true creative value and potential. Studies have clearly shown the benefits of texting on the youth in reference to spelling and literacy, so there should no longer be any fear about its harmfulness. Instead, the media should focus on finding solutions to the real issues of education, like resources, qualified teachers, and funding.

Love for an Underacheiving Team :: Personal Narrative Writing

Love for an Underacheiving Team Sitting in a green wooden seat mark number 3 in the second row of section 27, I saw Sammy Sosa practice swinging near the dugout. His forearms and shoulders bulged giving a muscular habitus to the blue and red Cubs jersey. His thighs were as thick as baby cedar trees. Sammy stepped up to the plate calmly. As he tightened his blue batting gloves snug somewhat his wrists, he also dug two spots for placing his feet. I heard chants from the rising crowd behind the Cubs dugout M-V-P, M-V-P. In Wrigley Ville, a small residential region of northern Chicago, hes often referred to as Slammin Sammy Sosa. The Cubs captain lead the National League with 63 home runs surpassing Babe condolences 1927 and Roger Maris 1961 records for the second time in his career. Any baseball rag will tell you that he stands six feet tall and weighs 220 pounds. However, a baseball card wont admit that Sammy hit a ball nearly length of two football fields. At 130 p.m. that Sunday, Waveland avenue residents knew that their homes were in danger of Sosas homeruns flying into their yards or worse their windows.* * * * Trips to Chicago were not something I could do regularly. Six courses at MIT kept me busy enough that a weekend out of town would disrupt my study schedule. An inexpensive ticket and really good reason would allow me to travel home. During early October, flights were selling for fractional the normal prices since the devastating terrorist attacks of September 11th. I had no fears of flying unlike some of my paranoid colleagues so I bought a United Airlines ticket to go home. I wanted to see two things my family and the Chicago Cubs at Wrigley Field. * * * * The cheers for Sammy renewed an energy that I lacked for the three old age of college. The boisterous voice of the crazed yellowish brown sunk deep into my eardrum, Lets go Sammy, hit one out for me, baby. The Internet radio version of the Cu bs games over the last three years never produced this type of quality.